BACKGROUND
Aging is a multifactorial process marked by gradual cellular dysregulation, regulated by hallmarks, including genomic instability, mitochondrial dysregulation, and chronic inflammation. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially exosomes, have emerged as pivotal mediators of cell-to-cell communication with potential roles in both enhancing and alleviating aging. This review aimed to synthesize existing literature on the mechanistic and therapeutic role of EVs in aging and age-associated disorders.
METHODS
A comprehensive narrative review was performed utilizing Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases. Studies assessing EVs in aging, cellular senescence, regenerative biology, and age-related disorders were included. Both preclinical and clinical studies were qualitatively examined, emphasizing EV origin, molecular pathways, and treatment outcomes.
RESULTS
EVs derived from young or stem cells show strong antiaging features across multiple systems, such as the immune, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and nervous systems. These impacts are regulated via mitigating cellular senescence, reestablishing mitochondrial activity, restoring mitophagic and autophagic signaling, regulating inflammatory signaling, and improving tissue regeneration. Contrarily, EVs from diseases or aged cells improve pro-aging phenotypes, such as inflammation, fibrosis, and metabolic dysregulation, underscoring their context-mediated duality. Preclinical evidence consistently supports EV-mediated therapies; nonetheless, clinical translation remains restricted owing to heterogeneity in EV subpopulations, lack of standardized isolation protocols, and variability in bioactive payload.
CONCLUSION
EVs represent promising therapeutic agents and biomarkers in aging biology, with the potential to regulate multiple hallmarks of aging concurrently. Prospective research should prioritize standardization, targeted bioengineering, and rigorous clinical validation to allow successful antiaging interventions.
Paras Ahmad, N. Estrin, A. Sculean et al.· Periodontology 2000· 0 citations
AIM
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare soft and hard tissue outcomes of applying anatomic healing abutments (AHA) and provisional restorations (PR) versus cylindrical healing abutments (CHA) on immediately placed single implants.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science) were searched on September 8, 2025, for two-armed studies comparing AHA/PR to CHA on immediate single-tooth implants. Outcomes included implant survival (IS), marginal bone loss (MBL), pink esthetic score (PES), patient satisfaction, as well as buccal bone and mucosal changes. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed.
RESULTS
Twenty studies were included; 12 contributed to quantitative synthesis, showing no difference in IS (over 99% in all groups), MBL, or patient satisfaction. Pooled analysis of seven studies (340 implants) showed higher PES with AHA and PR than CHA group at 1 year (MD: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.12-3.96). Descriptive evidence suggested a trend toward improved horizontal tissue preservation with individualized healing.
CONCLUSION
Within the limitations of this study, PR significantly improved PES without compromising IS or MBL. Their use may be beneficial, especially in the esthetic region, but further studies are needed to investigate their cost-effectiveness and long-term effect, especially on horizontal tissue changes.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Anatomically shaped healing abutments and provisional restorations provide higher pink esthetics around immediately placed single implants, which is especially relevant for restorations in the anterior region.
Xinyi Qian, Boldizsár Vánkos, G. Agócs et al.· Periodontology 2000· 0 citations
The multifunctional coating provides sustained antimicrobial activity alongside immunomodulatory and pro-regenerative effects, supporting its potential to treat implant-related infections while enhancing peri-implant soft tissue remodeling.
Mariana Martins Guerreiro, Amanda Paino Santana, D. M. Cunha et al.· Journal of Periodontal Resea...· 0 citations
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