The first dipteran luciferase from Keroplatus testaceus evolved by repurposing of a storage protein.
The identification, cloning and functional characterization of the first dipteran luciferase from the fungus gnat Keroplatus testaceus are described, providing compelling evidence for a novel evolutionary origin for a luciferase from a storage protein, closing a long-standing gap in understanding the molecular mechanisms of bioluminescence in Diptera.